CF938E Max History

对于每一个 aia_i,若有 kk 个比他小的数,那么他记录的次数即:

i=0k1(ik1)×i!×(ni1)!=i=0k1(k1)!(ki1)!×(ni1)!=(k1)!i=0k1n1ik1i(nk)!=(k1)!(nk)!(nk1)=n!nk\begin{aligned} &\sum_{i=0}^{k-1}\binom{i}{k-1}\times i!\times(n-i-1)!\\ =&\sum_{i=0}^{k-1}\dfrac{(k-1)!}{(k-i-1)!}\times(n-i-1)!\\ =&(k-1)!\sum_{i=0}^{k-1}\dfrac{n-1-i}{k-1-i}(n-k)!\\ =&(k-1)!(n-k)!\binom{n}{k-1}\\ =&\dfrac{n!}{n-k} \end{aligned}

求和,做完了

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